Hypercholesterolemia

Hypercholesterolemia is defined as a total cholesterol level more than 200 mg/dL.

Risk Factors:

• Increased blood cholesterol
• Increased LDL
• Increased triglycerides
• Decreased HDL

Etiology:

• Obesity
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Alcoholism
• Hypothyroidism
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Hepatic disease
• Cushing's disease
• OCP use
• Diuretic use
• Familial hypercholesterolemia

Data Findings:

• No specific signs and symptoms for most patients
• Xanthomas - eruptive nodules in skin over tendons
• Xanthelasma - yellow fatty deposits in skin around eyes
• Lipemia retinalis - creamy of retinal vessels

How to diagnosed:

• Hypercholesterolemia is diagnosed by:
• Fasting lipid profile for patient more than 20 year and repeat ever five years
• Total serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dL on two different occation
• LDL > 130 mg/dL or HDL <>

Treatments:

• Treatments are based on risk stratification
• Diet and exercise